常见问题Frequently Asked Questions

什么是可持续资源管理？What is Sustainable Resources Management?

可持续资源管理被定义为：在公共、公私及民间社会伙伴关系框架内，负责任地利用自然资源所需的所有政策、战略、法规、投资、运营及能力的总和。它基于环境-社会经济可行性与技术可行性，这些可行性决定了社会如何、何时以及以何种方式开发、生产、消费、再利用和回收矿产、石油与天然气、可再生能源、地质储存、人为资源、核燃料资源及地下水等自然资源。

Sustainable resource management is defined as the total of policies, strategies, regulations, investments, operations and capabilities within the framework of public, public-private and civil society partnerships required for the responsible utilization of natural resources. It is based on environmental-socio-economic viability and technical feasibility, which determine what, when and how natural resources such as minerals, oil & gas, renewable energy, geological storage, anthropogenic resources, nuclear fuel resources and groundwater are developed, produced, consumed, reused and recycled by society.

可持续资源管理的过程始于对世界自然资本与自然资源的理解，包括精炼、使用（及再利用）这些资源所需的努力，以及这一切如何与社会需求相关联。

The process of sustainable resource management starts from an understanding of the world’s natural capital and natural resources, including the efforts required to refine and use (and reuse) them, and how this relates to societal needs.

什么是《联合国资源分类框架》（UNFC）？What is the United Nations Framework Classification for Resources (UNFC)?

UNFC 是一套全球公认的资源分类与报告系统。它全面整合了社会与环境因素，以及将清洁、可负担的能源资源项目推向市场所需的技术成熟度。

UNFC is a globally accepted system for classifying and reporting natural resources. UNFC fully integrates social and environmental considerations and the technology readiness required to bring clean and affordable energy resource projects into the market.

更多关于 UNFC英文原站（UNECE）· 新窗口打开

什么是 UNRMS？What is UNRMS?

UNRMS 是一套全球自愿性资源管理系统，可供政府、行业、投资者及民间社会使用。它是一个面向资源的综合管理框架，旨在支持制定有关可持续管理和推进可持续发展目标（SDGs）的政策与法规。

UNRMS is a global voluntary resource management system that can be used by governments, industries, investors, and civil society. It is an integrated resource management framework for resources to support the development of policies and regulations in the sustainable management and advancement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

《联合国资源分类框架》与《联合国资源管理系统》协同运作。联合国欧洲经济委员会定期为世界各地的政策制定者提供培训。

The United Nations Framework Classification for Resources works in conjunction with the United Nations Resource Management System (UNRMS). UNECE regularly provides training to policymakers around the world.

更多关于 UNRMS英文原站（UNECE）· 新窗口打开

谁可以使用 UNFC 和 UNRMS？Who can use UNFC and UNRMS?

UNFC 和 UNRMS 面向所有人开放。它为各国、企业、金融机构及其他利益相关方提供了一套用于能源和矿产资源禀赋可持续发展的工具。

UNFC and UNRMS is for everyone. It provides countries, companies, financial institutions, and other stakeholders with a tool for the sustainable development of energy and mineral resource endowments.

目前，已有超过 30 个国家使用 UNFC。联合国欧洲经济委员会（UNECE）支持各国制定和实施 UNFC。UNFC 具有灵活性，能够适应不同国家和地区的多样化需求。UNRMS 目前是一项全球自愿性标准，已被可持续资源管理领域的各类利益相关方所应用。

At present, more than 30 countries use UNFC. The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) supports countries in developing and implementing UNFC. UNFC is flexible and adaptable to diverse national and regional requirements. UNRMS is currently a voluntary global standard being applied by various stakeholders in sustainable resource management.

UNFC 案例研究英文原站（UNECE）· 新窗口打开

UNFC 和 UNRMS 应在何时实施？When should UNFC and UNRMS be implemented?

国家和企业在内的利益相关方，可以立即采用 UNFC 和 UNRMS。

UNFC and UNRMS can be adopted immediately by stakeholders, including countries and companies.

如果要将全球变暖控制在 1.5°C 以内，现在是行动的关键时刻，不容拖延。UNFC 和 UNRMS 对于所有利益相关方确保可持续能源和原材料生产至关重要。绿色转型将需要各种关键原材料，并伴随原材料勘探、开采和加工方面的法规，以提升全球材料价值链并实现可持续发展目标（SDGs）。

It’s now or never if we want to limit global warming to 1.5°C. UNFC and UNRMS are vital for all stakeholders to ensure sustainable energy and raw materials production. A green transition will require various critical raw materials with regulations in raw material exploration, mining, and processing to enhance global material value chains and attain the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

签署谅解备忘录（MOU）的合作伙伴英文原站（UNECE）· 新窗口打开

UNFC 和 UNRMS 可以在哪些地方实施？Where can UNFC and UNRMS be implemented?

UNFC 将能源、矿产和地下水等所有资源整合到一个全球分类体系中。UNFC 适用于能源资源（包括可再生能源、石油与天然气、核燃料、矿产）、CO₂ 地质储存注入项目、地下水，以及人为资源（如从残渣和废物中回收的二次资源）。UNRMS 是与 UNFC 协同运作的补充工具，作为一个统一的框架用于资源的综合管理。

UNFC combines all resources such as energy, minerals and groundwater into one global classification system. UNFC applies to energy resources, including renewable energy, oil and gas, nuclear fuels, minerals, injection projects for the geological storage of CO2, groundwater, and anthropogenic resources such as secondary resources recycled from residues and wastes. UNRMS is a complementary tool to work in conjunction with UNFC as a unifying framework for the integrated management of resources.

UNFC 的应用英文原站（UNECE）· 新窗口打开

为什么需要 UNFC 和 UNRMS？Why are UNFC and UNRMS necessary?

UNFC 为所有能源和矿产行业提供了清晰一致的规范、指南和最佳实践，这对于管理对生物能源、地热能、太阳能、风能和水能资源不断增长的需求尤为重要。

UNFC provides clear and consistent specifications, guidelines, and best practices for all energy and mineral sectors, which are particularly important for managing expanding demand for bioenergy, geothermal energy, solar energy, wind energy, and hydropower resources.

未来，UNFC 和 UNRMS 可供金融机构和行业用于评估可行项目，作为关注环境、社会和治理（ESG）的投资的一部分。两者共同构成了全球可接受的必要工具，有助于使自然资源利用更具可持续性和平衡性，从而被更广泛的利益相关方所采纳。

In the future, UNFC and UNRMS can be used by financial institutions and industry to evaluate viable projects as part of Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG)-focused investing. Together, they are necessary globally acceptable tools for making natural resource use sustainable and balanced for broader stakeholder uptake.

UNFC 的商业应用英文原站（UNECE）· 新窗口打开

UNFC 和 UNRMS 如何支持可持续发展和气候行动？How can UNFC and UNRMS support sustainable development and climate action?

社会和环境因素在自然资源分类中很少被考虑。UNFC 和 UNRMS 是有效管理国家资源禀赋的工具，而这对实现可持续发展目标（SDGs）至关重要。UNFC 旨在提供必要的规范和指南，以优化资源的管理和开发，对社会、环境、地方经济和就业产生积极影响。

Social and environmental factors have rarely been considered in the classification of natural resources. UNFC and UNRMS are tools for effective management of national resource endowments needed for realizing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). UNFC aims to provide necessary specifications and guidelines for optimizing the management and development of resources, with positive impacts on the society, environment, local economies and employment.

UNFC 与社会和环境管理英文原站（UNECE）· 新窗口打开

UNFC 和 UNRMS 是联合国强制性标准吗？Are UNFC and UNRMS mandatory UN standards?

UNFC 是一套自愿性体系，供国家、公司或个人用于可持续能源和矿产资源的分类与报告。2019 年，联合国经济及社会理事会（ECOSOC）：

UNFC is a voluntary system used by countries, companies or individuals for sustainable energy and mineral resources classification and reporting. In 2019, the UN Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC):

——建议广泛推广 UNFC，并请联合国成员国、国际组织及各区域委员会考虑采取适当措施的可能性，以确保更新后的《框架分类》在各国得到应用。

recommended UNFC to be disseminated widely, invited States Members of the United Nations, international organizations and the regional commissions to consider the possibility of taking appropriate measures to ensure the application of the updated Framework Classification in countries worldwide.

UNFC 和 UNRMS 均被纳入联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯近期发布的题为《变革采掘业以促进可持续发展》的政策简报中。联合国欧洲经济委员会的资源管理专家组是联合国“变革采掘业以促进可持续发展”工作组的成员之一。

Both UNFC and UNRMS are included in the recent policy brief titled ‘Transforming Extractive Industries for Sustainable Development’ by António Guterres, the United Nations Secretary-General. UNECE’s Expert Group on Resource Management are part of the United Nations Working Group on Transforming the Extractive Industries for Sustainable Development.

2019 年关于 UNFC 和 UNRMS 的 ECOSOC 决定英文原站（UNECE）· 新窗口打开

推动采掘业转型以实现可持续发展的工作组英文原站（UNECE）· 新窗口打开

联合国秘书长政策简报：推动采掘业转型以实现可持续发展联合国官方 PDF · 新窗口打开

如何参与？How do I get involved?

联合国欧洲经济委员会资源管理专家组（EGRM）负责制定供全球应用的 UNFC 和 UNRMS。EGRM 拥有 300 多名活跃成员，代表国际组织、专业协会、政府（包括联合国欧洲经济委员会成员国及非成员国）、学术界、行业及民间社会。各工作组和工作队持续为 EGRM 的上级政府间机构——联合国欧洲经济委员会可持续能源委员会提供建议。志愿者可协助开发 UNFC 和 UNRMS 的案例研究。

The UNECE Expert Group on Resource Management (EGRM) develops UNFC and UNRMS for global application. EGRM has over 300 active members representing international organizations, professional associations, governments (from both UNECE and non-UNECE member States), academia, industry, and civil society. Working groups and task forces work continuously to advise EGRM’s parent intergovernmental body, the UNECE Committee on Sustainable Energy. Volunteers can help develop UNFC and UNRMS case studies.

EGRM 的会员资格向任何对可持续资源管理感兴趣的人士开放。同时，也可订购联合国关于《联合国资源分类框架》和《联合国资源管理系统》的出版物。如需了解更多信息，请联系：reserves.energy@un.org。

Membership in EGRM is open to anyone interested in the sustainable management of resources. UN Publications on the United Nations Framework Classification for Resources and the United Nations Resource Management System can also be ordered. Contact reserves.energy@un.org to learn more.

UNFC 案例研究英文原站（UNECE）· 新窗口打开

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